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Wednesday, June 24, 2015

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Saturday, April 4, 2015

How to Fix PosftFix Error In ScrollOut F1

How to Fix : PostFix Error In ScrollOut F1 Anti-Spam Gateway

If you are running ScrollOut F1 Anti-Spam Gateway, there could be a time when your PostFix might stop working and give our error on the top of your dashboard.

To fix the problem please follow the steps below;

1. Log-on to the server via SSH

2. In the Command Prompt Type:

update-ca-certificates --fresh

postfix restart

The first command updates your certificates and re-freshes them

The second command restarts the PostFix service.

If the second command does not work, use :

postfix stop

postfix start

This should solve the problem

How to Fix: The Network Folder Specified Is Currently mapped Using a Different User Name and Password

The Network Folder Specified Is Currently mapped Using a Different Username and Password.

Symptoms :

Consider the following scenario:

* You have a Windows-Based computer that is running Microsoft Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Server 2003, Windows Server 2008, Or Windows Vista

* There are two network shares on a remote server

* You use user credentials to connect to one of the network shares. Then, you try to use different user credentials to connect to the other network share.

In this scenario, you may receive the following error message:

* The network folder specified is currently mapped using a different username and password. To connect using username and password, first disconnect any existing mappings to this network share.

If you click OK in response to this error message.

Multiple connections to a server or shared resource by the same user, using more than one username, are not allowed.

Disconnect all previous connections to the server or shared resource and try again

There are two Methods to solve this problem. Please see below :

Solution 1:

use the IP address of the remote server when you try to connect to the network share.

Solution 2:

Create a different Domain Name System (DNS) alias for the remote server, and then use this alias to connect to the network share:

After you use one of these methods, you can use different user credentials to connect to the network share. In this situation the computer behaves as if it is connecting to a different server.

How to Fix the "Bootmgr is missing" Error in Windows

How to Fix the "Bootmgr is missing" Error in Windows

At times when if you see a message as below when you boot your system :

You know that you're stuck bad, and if you do not know how to fix the problem, you're probably thinking of a re-install of the complete system.

But Wait there is a solution, try this, and you should be up and running in no time.

Do keep in mind that this fix is for Windows 7, and does require a Windows 7 Installation DVD.

This problem is not hardware related and can be fixed with a Windows 7 DVD OR a system repair disc.

So to fix the issue, follow :

Note: It may take running a start-up repair a few tries before it fully fixes the start-up issue.

1. Boot to the System Recovery Options screen.

2. Select the Startup Repair option. (See Screenshot Below)

3. Now Click on Startup Repair. Run the Startup Repair and it

will attempt to fix the issue.

Note : Once the process is finished, it will ask for a reboot. Reboot and see if it has fixed the issue and you are able to boot into Windows. If not, Please Follow STEP 4.

4. Reboot into the System Recovery Options again

5. Click on Command Prompt

6. Type C: and press <Enter>

( C: is the driver letter where your windows is installed, please replace if you have windows installed in any other partition )

7. At the C:\ prompt, type cd boot and press <Enter>

8. At the C:\Boot prompt, type the following commands and press <Enter> after each command

bootrec /FixMbr

bootrec /FixBoot

bootrec /RebuildBcd

D) Now close the command prompt, remove the DVD and reboot your computer.

This should have fixed your problem. Enjoy !!!!

Thursday, April 2, 2015

How to Reset Root Password on Debian or Ubuntu

How to Reset Root Password on

Debian or Ubuntu

If you forgot the root password for your Debian system, do not panic. There is an easy way to reset the password. Linux provides a special mode called "recovery mode" or "single user mode,"

The recovery mode is used when you need to perform file system maintenance and recovery, or conduct security vulnerability auditing in an isolated environment. You can also reset the root password in the recovery mode.

This is the Same mode as one would find on a Windows OS when you're booting into SafeMode for administrative maintenance purposes.

To BOOT into the recovery mode on Debian or Ubuntu,

1. Hold down SHIFT key after powering on your Linux machine. You will then be presented with GRUB menu.

2. Select "recovery menu" option by pressing down arrow key. DO NOT press ENTER at this point, but press "e" key to enter edit mode.

You will see "GRUB" edit screen where you can edit GRUB boot parameters.

Move your cursor to the line starting with "linux /boot/vmlinuz-......", and go to the end of that line. Append "init /bin/bash" right there, as shown below.

Then press Ctrl+X to proceed. After all subsequent booting sequence is over, you will finally get a root prompt.

In the recovery mode, the root partition is mounted as read-only by default, hence you will not be able to make any changes to root password.

To be able to reset the root password, you need to re-mount the root partition as read & write.

First, find out what the root partition of your system is, by using "fdisk -l" command.

As shown in the screenshot above, partition marked with "*" under "Boot" column is the root partition of your system (e.g., /dev/sda1).

Remount the root partition as read-write, and finally reset the password, using passwd command..

$ mount -o remount,rw /dev/sda1 /
$ passwd

To Sum up, Here's what you need to DO:

1. Boot Into Recovery Mode:

Hold down the SHIFT key right after powering up the server until you get the GRUB MENU

2. Enter Recovery Menu:

Press the DOWN ARROW KEY until you get to "RECOVERY MENU" and press letter " E "

3. Get to the Line where you need to make the changes:

Press DOWN KEY until you get to the line that starts with: "linux /boot/vmlinuz-......." go to the end of the line and APPEND "init /bin/bash"...Then PRESS CTRL+X and after reboot you would land in the root prompt.

4. Check which partition is the Root partition:

Type "fdisk -l" and hit Enter, The partition marked with "*" is the Root partition, the name is described under SERVICE BOOT. Ex: /dev/sda1

5. Mount the Root partition as Read & Write:

$ mount -o remount,rw /dev/sda1/

6. Change the Password:

$passwd YOURNEWPASSWORD (change YOURNEWPASSWORD with your own password)

That's all to it, now reboot and you should have your new password active.

Tuesday, June 17, 2014

How To Transfer Files between two Debian/Linux systems

How To Transfer Files between two Debian/Linux systems

OpenSSH is a well known program which allows you to login to a host remotely, and run commands etc.

It also comes with a simple file transfer system which can be used to transfer files securely.

SCP is the command to use. You can either transfer files to the remote machine from your local one, or vice versa.

Usage is Simple :

scp file-to-send user@host:/patch/to/place/file

For example to copy the interfaces files from your local machine (ariyano to a remote server called 'arbaaz' you could use:

ariyano@ariyano:~$ scp /etc/network/interfaces ariyano@arbaaz:

ariyano@arbaaz's password:

As no destination directory was specified the file will be transferred to your home directory upon the remote machine.

If you wish to transfer a lot of tiles you can copy a directory recurisvely, with the -r flag.

-----------------------------------------------------------------

WinSCP is a fantastic windows application you could use to drag & drop files over machines.

How To Configure NIC on Debian/Linux
for DHCP or Static IP Configuration :

In any given case you might want to change an IP configuration on a Debian/Linux system to match your network, Or you might just want the DHCP lease to take over.

**** Below is an explanation of the configuration. If you want to jump directly to the configuration, scroll below to the bottom of the page marked Configuration STEPS :

Follow the steps below and you should be up and running in no time....

In order to configure your NIC, changes have to be made to a NIC configuration file on the system.

The File is called ( INTERFACES )

and is located at ( /etc/network/ )

In order to open the file and make changes to it, you need a TEXT editor, to save time you can use the default editor called (nano)

The command to open the interfaces file is :

nano /etc/network/interfaces

While in the Text editor. Follow the shortcuts below.

To erase a complete line of code = ctrl + k

To save your file = ctrl + o and then press enter

To exit the editor = ctrl + x

(if you have not saved your file prior exiting the editor, it will ask you do to so)

Case 1 : Configuring for DHCP lease, (default). This is the default in a new installed system.

**** By Default there are two interfaces. 1. The Loopback 2. The Actual Ethernet Interface

**** Leave the Loopback as it is and we will only make changes to the Ethernet interface.

**** Leave this config as it is if DHCP is required

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system

# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

# The loopback network interface

auto lo

iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface

auto eth0

iface eth0 inet dhcp

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Case 2: Configuring a Static IP

Ex:

IP 192.168.1.200

SM 255.255.255.0

GW 192.168.1.1

DNS 192.168.1.1

**** We will only make changes to the eth0 interface and leave the loop-back as it is

auto eth0

iface eth0 inet static = Tells the system to shift the NIC in static config mode on Ethernet0

address = The IP address you wish to configure

netmask = The Subnet Mask

gateway = The Gateway

Once done your interfaces file should look something like below.

Now you need to configure your DNS in order to resolve domain names.

Follow the steps under DNS Settings.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

This file describes the network interfaces available on your system and how to activate them.

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.1.200
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

DNS Settings:

DNS setting are on a separate file all together.

The file name is ( resolv.conf )

The file is located at : /etc/resolv.conf

To open the file type:

nano /etc/resolv.conf

----------------------------------------

nameserver 8.8.8.8

nameserver 8.8.4.4

----------------------------------------

You might not see any entries in the file, if so, type in nameserver followed by the DNS IPs.

Each new line is a alternate DNS server.

Save the file and exit the editor.

Forcing the new IP changes to take effect without restarting the server.

1. Type the command below to bring down the eth0 interface

ifdown eth0

2. Tye the command below to bring up the eth0 interface

ifup eth0

To confirm your config, Type the command below.

ifconfig

Your config should look something like this, but it could differ from system to system depending on the number of Ethernet interfaces you would have.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1e:4f:be:c2:47

inet addr:192.168.1.200 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

inet6 addr: fe80::21e:4fff:febe:c247/64 Scope:Link

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

RX bytes:1064060052 (1014.7 MiB) TX bytes:824394600 (786.2 MiB)

Interrupt:21 Memory:fe9e0000-fea00000

lo Link encap:Local Loopback

inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0

inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host

UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1

RX packets:297763 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:297763 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:0

RX bytes:1233489069 (1.1 GiB) TX bytes:1233489069 (1.1 GiB)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Configuration STEP :

1. Type ( nano /etc/network/interfaces )

2. Under ( # The primary network interface ) Type

a. auto eth0

b. iface eth0 inet static

c. address xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

d. netmask xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

e. gateway xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

3. Press ctrl+o and press enter to save and ctrl+x to exit the
editor

4. Type ( nano /etc/resolv.conf )

5. Type in your DNSs ( each new line is a alternate DNS server )

a. nameserver xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

b. nameserver xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

6. Presss ctrl+o and press enter to save and ctrl+x to exit the
editor

7. To bring down the interface

a. ifdown eth0

8. To bring up the interface

a. ifup eth0